Tag: #البايبولر #الإضطراب الوجداني ثنائي القطبين#عيادة الجمعة

عيادة الجمعة ما هو اضطراب ثنائي القطب؟

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البايبولر أو إضطراب ثنائي القطب من أصعب الأمراض تشخيصا …ممكن المريض يفضل ١٠ سنين متابع مع الطبيب النفسي لغاية ما يتشخص المرض…الموضوع مش سهل …مينفعش حد يستنتج من مجرد زيارة واحدة مهما كان الطبيب ده شاطر إلا “بإختبارات مسجله”

المصدر:

1. http://ow.ly/OJw9306wtja
‏2. gl/X3V3Hp
‏3. gl/5aXnFa
ترجمة وتصميم: Rima Rabah
مراجعة: Mohamed Sayed Elgohary
تحرير: يُمنى أكرم
# الباحثون_المصريون

الاضطراب ثُنائي القطب أو ما يُعرف أيضًا باضطراب الهوس الاكتئابي أو الاكتئاب الهوسي، هو مرضٌ عقليٌّ خطير.
إنُّه اضطرابٌ مُعقَّدٌ ومُزمن، يمكن أن يؤدي إلى كثيرٍ من الأضرار متناهية السوء. مثلَ إقدامِ المريض على السلوكيات الخطرة؛ مما يؤدي إلى تصدُّع العلاقات الاجتماعية والمسيرة المهنية، ويصل الخطر إلى تكوُّن ميولٍ انتحارية فيم لو لم يتم علاجه في الوقت المناسب.
يتصف بتغيراتٍ متطرفة إلى أقصى الحدود في حالات المزاج والطاقة. تتأرجح الحالة ما بين نوباتِ الهوس ونوبات الاكتئاب. بين هذه النوبات المزاجية، يمكن للشخص المصاب باضطراب ثنائي القطب أن يكون في حالاتٍ طبيعية.

نوبات المزاج

نوبة «الهوس»، هي حالة من حالات المزاج تتسم بأنها فترة ابتهاج. تمتاز بتزايدُ القلق والحيوية والثرثرة والتهور والإحساس بالقوة. وتصاحبها فورات من البذخ في الإنفاق، وقد يطرأ اندفاعٌ خطر في ممارسات الحياة الجنسية. حينئذٍ وعند نقطةٍ ما، يمكن لهذا المزاج المُحلِّق أن يهبطَ بشكلٍ لولبيٍّ إلى شيءٍ ما أكثر قتامةً، فتظهرعلى المصاب أعراضٌ مُختلفة كالانفعال والتشوش والغضب، مع فقدِ المتعة والاهتمام بالأنشطة والإحساس بأنه شخصٌ محصور.
نوبة «الاكتئاب»، هي حالة المزاج النقيضة، تتصف بأنها فترة حزن. تتميز بالبكاء وفقد الحيوية وفقدان المتعة، مع مشاكلٍ في النوم والإحساس بعدم الأهمية.
من المُلفتِ أنُّه وبسبب اختلاف أنماط ِالمزاج العالي والمنخفض بين الأشخاص، يُصبح ثنائي القطب اضطرابًا مُعقَّد التشخيص.
يقول الخبراء، بأن إحدى حالتي الهوس أوالاكتئاب قد تستمرعند بعض الأشخاص لفتراتٍ تتراوح بين الأسابيع والشهور، ونادرًا، لسنةٍ أو أكثر، بينما يكون الحال على شكلِ نوباتٍ متكررة وأكثر قصرًا للمزاج لدى البعض الآخرين.
في بعض الأحيان، تكون فترات الهوس منتجة جدًا.. وعلى نقيضِ توقُّع المراقب المتفائل بأن الأمور تسير على خيرِ ما يُرام، لأن الخطر يستمر في التزايد بتفاقم الهوس إلى الأسوأ، وتكون المفاجأة مؤلمةً جدًا. فقد تكون التغييرات دراماتيكية، مُشبَعةً بطابع اللامسؤولية المالية والسلوك القلق وأخطارٍ أخرى شخصية أو متصلة بالعمل وصولًا إلى الفوضى الجنسية.
على الضفةِ الأخرى، فإن مرحلة الاكتئاب مُرشَّحة لأن تكون مُساويةً في الخطورة. فهنا يبرز التهديد للحياة بصفة مخيفة، حيث تُلازم المصابَ أفكارٌ متكررة عن الانتحار.
إذا كنت أنت أو شخص تعرفه لديه أفكارعن الموت أو الانتحار، اتصل بأخصائي الرعاية الطبية، أو بشخصٍ محبوب أو بصديق.

سلوكٌ سيء أم مرض؟

تتساوى صعوبة اضطراب ثنائي القطب على المرضى، مع نظيرتها على عائلات الأطفال المصابين باضطراب ثنائي القطب.
تُعدُّ هذه القضية من أصعب القضايا للمواجهة والتقبل عند أُسَرِ مرضى الأمراض العقلية. فحين يكون الشخص منتجًا جدًا ثم يصبح غير عقلاني أو غيرمنطقي، تميل الأسرة بشكلٍ تقليدي إلى تفسير الشأن على أنه ليس مرضًا، بل هو مجرد سلوكٍ سيء لا أكثر.

ماذا أفعل؟

في هذا الموقع، إذا أصابت هذه الأوصاف عينَ الحقيقة في ذاتك أو لشخصٍ محبُوبٍ لك، اِحرص أن تكون مراجعة الطبيب النفسي مباشرة هي خطوتك الأولى في مسار الأمان. سواء أكان السبب هواضطراب ثنائي القطب، أوغيره من اضطرابات المزاج، فالمعالجة الفعَّالة متوفرة.
في معظم الحالات، يقتصر التَّداوي على خطة (روتين) مركّبة تتألف من شِقَّين رئيسين، هما تناول العقاقير وجلسات العلاج النفسي.
تساعد الخطةُ المريضَ على إيجاد الحل الأمثل في المدى البعيد والمحافظة عليه.
جديرٌ بالذكر، أنَّه بالرغم من أن الأدوية هي العمود الفقري للعلاج لكنه من الضروري لمصلحة المريض ولمنع التصعيد للحالة، تنظيمُ إيقاعِ الحياة والعادات اليومية للمصاب، كالاستيقاظ في وقتٍ ثابت والنوم بشكلٍ كافٍ، وحثّه على الاستمتاع بالعيش في اللحظة الراهنة والتعايش مع الواقع. بالإضافةِ إلى التركيز على الدعم الأسري في المثابرة على العلاج، وعلى الدعم المجتمعي كالمجموعات المساندة، سواء أكان ذاك في الواقع الحقيقي أم الافتراضي كيما نجنبه الإحساس بالوحدة.

ختامًا، يتوجب الإقرار بأن الإصابة باضطراب ثنائي القطب هو تحدٍ صعب، لكن إهمال المداواة سيجعل الحياة مسلسلًا بشعًا من الكوارث المتتابعة. المُبشِّر في هذا الموضع، أن ضبط الحالة ممكنٌ في ظِلِّ اتباع نظامِ الاستشفاء.
إذن، الأمر الحيوي هو أن تحشد جهودك في مواجهة المعضلة، فتعترف بوجودها وتُبادر بطلب المؤازرة الطبية المتخصصة فورًا.

Pets & Bipolar: How Having a Furry Friend Boosts Our Mood

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Article:https://www.bphope.com/pets/pets-bipolar-friends-with-benefits/

Whoever coined the phrase “man’s best friend” was on to something. Dogs—and cats and birds and other critters—have well-documented properties for boosting our well-being.

When psychologists from Miami University in Ohio and Saint Louis University in Missouri compared pet owners to people who did not own a pet in three different studies, people with pets scored higher on self-esteem, were more physically fit, and tended to be less lonely, less fearful and less preoccupied.

One of the experiments showed that thinking about a beloved pet is as effective as thinking about a human friend in helping someone feel better after experiencing rejection. In fact, research shows that the bond people have with their dog can be as strong as the bond with their closest relative.

“A third were closer to the pet dog than to any human family member,” says Sandra Baker, PhD, who co-authored that study. “Wherever I speak around the world, dog owners aren’t surprised by that.”

Barker is director of The Center for Human-Animal Interaction at the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, where she holds a named chair in psychiatry. She’s been involved in a body of research documenting the power of even 15 minutes with a therapy dog in cutting levels of stress, anxiety and fear for both psychiatric inpatients and hospital staff.

That reduced stress response, whether with therapy dogs in health care settings or pet owners “in the wild,” has been documented across a range of physiological measures, including brain waves, blood pressure, heart rate, and cortisol, the so-called “stress hormone.”

Aubrey Fine, PhD, editor of the Handbook on Animal-Assisted Therapy and author of several books on the benefits of human-animal ties, notes that dogs are very attuned to nonverbal behavior and therefore responsive to emotional distress.

In his most recent book, Our Faithful Companions, he writes about how the comforting attachment of a golden retriever named Magic helped his wife through breast cancer. Like many people who study or have companion animals, Fine talks about the emotional boost from a dog’s faithful devotion—the excitement on seeing you, the total acceptance without judgment.

“That unconditional sense of love gives people a sense of hope that they can persevere,” says Fine, a professor at California State Polytechnic University-Pomona. “I remember my wife said, probably a couple months post-treatment, ‘Magic is the hope that I need to get on to the next day.’“

Cats and dogs don’t have exclusive bragging rights, though. Fine first got intrigued by “pet power” in the 1970s when he saw how children he was treating responded to a gerbil named Sasha. Clients in his private practice engage with his cockatoos and other birds, and even his bearded dragon (a type of lizard).

“Fish are very relaxing,” he adds, referring to research that shows watching fish tanks decreases stress hormones.

A goldfish in the cardiac unit was the catalyst for People-Animal Connection, a volunteer program based at the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center in Los Angeles. “People noticed that it had an effect not just on the patients, but on the staff as well,” explains program coordinator Stephen Goldstein.

Now People-Animal Connection has therapy dog-and-owner pairs visiting almost every unit of the hospital, including the psychiatric institution. The organization also arranges for people to spend time with their own pets, which combats loneliness and raises spirits.

“Words can’t quite describe the effect,” muses Goldstein. “The dogs provide something that medicine cannot.”

For his part, Goldstein has a cat waiting in his condo when he gets home after work. He finds solace in stroking Athena’s fur.

“There’s scientific evidence that petting, whether a cat or a dog, reduces blood pressure,” he explains.

However, getting a pet isn’t a one-size-fits-all solution. Some of us just aren’t “animal people.” Others may have issues with health, time, money, or housing that make having a pet problematic.

“We can’t make a blanket recommendation that everyone should get a dog. It really depends on the family’s circumstances and their ability to care for the animal,” notes Megan Mueller, PhD, a research assistant professor at Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University.

She also points out that the emotional benefits of animal companionship depend on the quality of the connection between human and animal. In one recent study of children in military families, she found a deep attachment to the family pet is associated with greater resilience when a parent was deployed—“an acute stressor,” she says. The simple presence of an animal in the home wasn’t as important as “what kind of relationship someone has with a pet,” Mueller says.

The deeper the bond, however, the more painful it can be when it’s broken. When we invited readers to share the ways companion animals add to their well-being, several alluded to the destabilizing effects of losing a beloved companion. As with so many triggers, having a coping plan in place can moderate the fallout.

“Most people are surprised and shocked by how intensely they feel grief after the loss of a pet,” says Barker, who is known for her work in supporting bereaved owners. “Pets don’t live as long as humans do. It’s important to remember that and prepare as the pet ages.”

She suggests thinking in advance about ways to commemorate the pet, such as planting a tree or writing a poem.

Of course, we also received many heartfelt and heart-warming accounts of how animals contribute to our lives. We present some of those stories here.

16 Signs You Grew Up With Bipolar Disorder

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The article:

16 Signs You Grew Up With Bipolar Disorder

There’s a certain misconception that children are “too young” and don’t have enough life experience to have a mental illness, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Studies show the age of onset for mental disorders usually occurs in childhood or adolescence. Of course, these mental disorders are often unrecognized by our peers and parents, and both diagnosis and treatment typically don’t occur until years later.

If you live with bipolar disorder, there’s a chance you grew up with it. But what signs might there be in childhood? To find out, we asked our mental health and bipolar disorder communities to share “signs” they grew up with bipolar disorder they can recognize now as adults.

From childhood depression to being a “problem child” in school, we hope their answers can give you insight into your own childhood, or shine a light on why a child in your life could need some extra help and understanding.

Here’s what our community had to say:

1 “As a child, I was always way more sensitive than other children. I would break down for hours and cry. I thought about my death and my family’s deaths abnormally often. At 10, I lost parts of my hair from being so depressed, or I would have these hyper attacks where I would laugh for no reason for a long time and I could never stop talking. I’d also be cleaning my whole room over and over again. It was exhausting.” — Morgan T.

2 “Not knowing who you are without your disorder. I have become comfortable with my sadness; it’s all I know. If I have an ‘OK’ day, I don’t even know how to feel about myself. I don’t feel like me when I’m not depressed.” — Shannon M.

3 “I wasn’t properly diagnosed until I reached my 40s, but looking back, my erratic sexual and spending behavior, in addition to my bouts of depression, should have been major red flags. I had no idea it was due to bipolar; I just figured I was ‘screwed up.’” — Jessi F.

4 “I started cycling at 12 years old so I have no idea what the Alysha without bipolar disorder is like. It’s also why I say ‘I am bipolar,’ instead of ‘I have bipolar.’” — Alysha F.

5 “Irritability. I was always irritable, no matter what. That’s why, when I was diagnosed, everything I felt started making sense.” — Katelyn S.

6 “I was always super sensitive and prone to anger outbursts. I could also focus on something so intently the world would fade away. I’m still angry and sensitive but therapy is helping me get through it.” — Beth B.

7 “Thinking I was invincible at 14. I would sneak out at night and go on walks because I couldn’t sleep, I would still wake up in time for school but could only sleep four or five hours a night. I walked a lot just because I had the energy during the day and then more at night.” — Cassandra K.

8 “Growing up, my parents and sibling thought I had inherited my father’s extreme anger and violence. My teachers and fellow students thought I was just lashing out and enjoyed getting into fights at school, constantly getting suspended, until ninth grade when I was asked to leave. This all started when I was around 5 years old, but it was not until I turned 12 that a doctor told me I had bipolar disorder. Growing up and constantly being misunderstood, from my feelings to my behaviors, is one sign I grew up with bipolar disorder.” — Samantha W.

9 “Everyone else thought something was ‘wrong’ with me. I had impulse control issues and was so afraid I’d be disliked that I’d lie to be liked. I was diagnosed 21 years ago.” — Sasha S.

10 “The cycles I had with my moods. I would do great in the spring and summer, but as soon as it hit August and fall started approaching, it all went downhill. I always knew it was around the time that school was starting that I would start to cycle into an episode, so it would increase my anxiety and I would absolutely dread going to school. I never realized it was a sign until recently, when my team and I figured out my cycles and it all just clicked and made sense. I was diagnosed at 17, but honestly I think I’ve been bipolar since I was probably between 8 and 10 years old.” — Megan D.

11 “I would have painting sprees. I wouldn’t want to paint for a while, and then all of a sudden I would do like two paintings a day in middle school and high school, convinced I was getting visions from God, and it was my duty to share my genius with the world. Sometimes, I fantasized about my death, wondering what it would be like at my funeral and how no one would come except my mom and dad, or people would stomp on my grave and laugh at me. In my freshman year of college, I didn’t sleep and stayed up all night doing homework full of energy, and I always forgot to eat. I became very religious and believed I was getting visions from God again. For the first time in my life, I was a social butterfly. I did many paintings and even started a website out of the blue. Then I crashed for the first time in my life and started having suicidal thoughts. I have always either been heavily invested with something and then suddenly not interested in that thing or activity at all.” — Zoe S.

12 “I never slept, but was never really tired. I just chalked it up to being a kid and having energy, and then as a teen, having a night job and then having to do homework once I got home. I also repressed everything.” — Morgan W.

13 “I was very shy, reserved and sensitive. I had a lot of fears and cried very easily. But then there were times when I would stay up for days with little to no sleep, cleaning and rearranging the house. My mom thought it was odd but harmless so she didn’t stress over it. As soon as I was diagnosed, it all made sense.” — Courtney B.

14 “I spent weeks remodeling my bedroom, covering every inch of wall with collages and pictures. I even built a table. Then, a year later, I ripped all of it off the walls in an hour leaving blotches of drywall and became depressed for weeks. I was 16.” — Emma T.

15 “As far back as 6 years old, I would do great in the fall with school and family. Every spring without fail, and still at age 49, I have three weeks of productivity and fun followed by three weeks of the most rage and hostility I had ever known. Those were my first memories in general.” — Beth P.

16 “Being described as ‘the problem child’ because people thought you were just dramatic and a mess; they didn’t realize the behavior was uncontrollable due to the mental illness.” — Sabrina G.

مرض الاضطراب الوجداني ثنائي القطبين في عيادة الجمعة

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البايبولر. فيديو يشرح مرض الإضطراب الوجداني ثنائي القطبين،أعراضه وكيفية التعامل معه

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